Henry David Thoreau and Resistance to Civil Government Essay

Henry David Thoreau was the most dynamic member in the Transcendentalist development. He was an understudy and mentee of Ralph Waldo Emerson. While Emerson had supernatural thoughts, Thoreau would follow up on them and completely practice them. Consequently, he felt that he and others should oppose America’s Civil Government. I generously acknowledge the saying, â€Å"That government is best which administers least†; and I should get a kick out of the chance to see it misbehaved to all the more quickly and deliberately. (Thoreau) Thoreau begins his acclaimed article with the explanation that administration ought to be feeble and the individuals solid. He was a solid supporter of the individual the privileges of the person. To him, an individual ought to act naturally dependent, as Emerson educated. He felt that the more residents depended on their legislature for their requirements, at that point the more grounded the administration would become and that could be hazardous. He felt that being constrained by a legislature, or whatever else so far as that is concerned, was a disaster in a person’s life. The primary explanation that Thoreau composed Resistance to Civil Government was on the grounds that he was totally worn out on an administration that could permit subjugation to exist. Subjugation was an establishment in the Southern states where individuals really possessed African Americans. He felt that on the off chance that it wasn't right for an administration to need to much control over the individual and his/her privileges, at that point doubtlessly it wasn't right for another human to claim another. In the establishment of subjection, the slave has no rights by any stretch of the imagination. Slaves were made to buckle down. Thoreau had nothing against difficult work for an individual’s own independence, however the slave didn't profit by his/her work. The proprietor procured the entirety of the benefit. They didn't get the chance to pick their calling, it was illicit to instruct them to peruse or compose, numerous proprietors beat them, and they could be sold away from their families whenever. The proprietor controlled every little thing about them even life and passing. Servitude conflicted with everything that Thoreau accepted about government and the person. In the event that the facts used to demonstrate that it government ought to have as meager control as could reasonably be expected, at that point it was a detestation that this sort of intensity could control another. Thoreau was horrified to the point that a legislature that guaranteed in its constitution that all men were made equivalent, could deliberately ignore the establishment of bondage. He concluded that since his assessment dollars went to a legislature that bolstered such a foundation, he would no longer make good on his expenses. He trusted that he could rouse other people who declared abolitionist considerations would do likewise. In any case, they didn't. Indeed when Emerson went to the prison to post his bond, he asked Thoreau for what valid reason he was in prison. Thoreau reacted by asking Emerson for what good reason he was not in there with him. Thoreau’s thought of common insubordination to a legislature that isn't of the individuals has been effective for a few ages after Thoreau’s demise. He affected the lives of such incredible men as Ghandi and the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. Ruler utilized Thoreau’s technique and turned a country around and constrained it to perceive the social equality surprisingly by Resistance to Civil Government. Thoreau and his concept of tranquil dissent will stay a full of feeling approach to change governments for a long time into the future.

Military National and International Security Studies Essay

Military National and International Security Studies - Essay Example It is expressed by the scientist that today the interests of the security powers are fixated on achievement of security, harmony and success among all the residents of the country and different countries with a comparative concentration to that of the U.S.A. The national security of the United States of America has been changed through the declaration of a security methodology archive entitled, â€Å"National military system of the assembled countries (2011).† This was propelled by the executive of the joint safety crew and supported by the president and the priest of state for resistance. To prevail in its crucial, joint security powers were quick to overemphasize on the significance of incorporating its security dreams with those of different components of intensity in the state. The reformed American security technique, that was a primary focal point of the conversation of the paper perceives the use of principled administration in the military intercession procedure with j ust a little remittance left for the utilization of power and compulsion when discretion comes up short. The scientist mentiones that the achievement of this specific system necessitates that the security powers of the state are incorporated well with the Americas’ power structure to encourage its viability. Taking everything into account, the analyst aggregates uo his investigation on the point and expresses that American security organizations underscore on the utilization of an increasingly unassuming demeanor with respect to different states connections. Strategy is underscored more and delicate force, for example, outside guide and less utilization of pressure and power.

A Memoir Doesnt Have to Tell the Truth

A Memoir Doesn’t Have to Tell the Truth This is a guest post from Hannah Engler. Hannah is currently an English major at the University of Michigan. She is the Editor-in-Chief of UMichs first and only feminist magazine, What the F, as well as a contributor to sites like Slant News and The Odyssey Online. When not writing or reading (which is hardly ever), she makes Indian food in her slow cooker and watches Nora Ephron movies. Her heart (as well as her family) resides in Washington, D.C. The first thing they teach you about memoir-writing is that there is a difference between literal truth and “emotional truth,” meaning, essentially, that it doesn’t matter if you don’t remember all the details, so long as you remember the significance of the event itself. Something you’re allowed to do when working in this genre is write that your roommate was wearing a blue coat, even if her coat was really pink,   just because it works better for the feeling of the scene if her coat was blue. Her blue coat is not a piece of truth, but it’s an emotional truth. Fabrication is inherent in memoir writing. Number one, it’s impossible to have an unbiased view of your own life, period; number two, it’s impossible to write about something in the past tense and not see it through the lens of the present. These factors, combined with the fact that real life hardly ever binds together in a coherent, readable narration, is what makes memoir such an interesting genre. It’s composed of people telling the stories of themselves. These stories are all true, in a way; they’re just not factual. A memoir should not be subject to rigorous, journalistic lie-detecting. Who cares, for example, if the humorist David Sedaris exaggerates some of the ridiculous characters he has met over the course of his life? In his books, the character of “David Sedaris” is also caricatured and eccentric, presumably much more neurotic and bumbling than the real Sedaris. In Sedaris’s world of everyday lunatics, his narration is necessarily a little deranged; the emotional truth behind it all is that life can be unbelievably ridiculous and funny, if you’re aimless and observant enough. Does it matter if Sedaris makes stuff up? It doesn’t make the stories less hilarious, so, in my opinion, no. My favorite autobiographical essay I’ve ever read is “The Ghosts of Loiret” by Shirley Jackson, from her posthumous collection Let Me Tell You. The essay is purportedly a work of creative nonfiction, but, like all of Jackson’s work, it very quickly turns lightheartedly sinister. In the story, Jackson’s husband is trying to decide what to get her for her birthday, but is running out of ideas for creepy presents (she already owns a painting of a skeleton reading poetry, a crystal ball, tarot cards, talismans, etc.). She tells her husband that what she really wants this year is a collection of photographs of old houses to satisfy her interest in architecture. He complies, but Jackson only has a few days to enjoy her houses before realizing that one or more of her intentionally non-spooky photographs have captured ghosts. Throughout the memoir sections of Let Me Tell You, the “truth” of Jackson’s life is as elusive as any of the phantom menaces in her horror fiction. According to Jackson, her kitchen contains a helpful poltergeist, and her days are frequently interrupted by mysterious strangers wanting to look around her house. Was Jackson really some kind of conduit for the macabre, or a housewife Nancy Drew? Probably not. But I find tremendous enjoyment in picturing one of the greatest horror writers of all time bickering with her husband over the merits of using a luck talisman on poker night, or surrounded by photographs, indignant at her inability to escape the paranormal. They say that real life is always stranger than fiction, and maybe there’s something to that. But I think the line between fiction and reality is less strict than we think. Our lives are, in a lot of ways, a series of stories we tell ourselves. We rearrange our memories in the order that makes the most sense; we create patterns, interpret random events for deeper meaning. So who is to say that exaggerations, mistakes, even lies are any less valuable to our autobiographies? Aren’t they just as much a part of our lives? To me, the strangest thing of all is to render the complex fantasy of life into pen and paper. I applaud any attempt.

Is Social Networking Good for Society Essay - 2077 Words

Is Social Networking Good For Society? Irma Barrios Brandman University Is Social Networking Good for Society? With various ongoing debates about why social networking may be bad for society, I have found it to be a positive resource. Social networking comes in many forms. It comes in the form of facebook, twitter, and even professional forums such as Linkedin. In such a fast-paced world, I find social networking to be an invaluable way of sharing ideas and interests that allow me to remain engaged. Although some may debate that social networking takes away from face to face and/or quality interactions, I have found it to be an invaluable tool in building community and networks. In fact, I believe it has given us a more†¦show more content†¦Another one of his concerns is that online social networking, in particular facebook, can lend itself to creating addiction (Jayson, 2009). But according to Nancy Bayam, an associate professor of communication studies at the University of Kansas, â€Å"There is not compelling evidence that spending time on social networking sites and expanding our social circles damages the close relationships we have. People think that if you’re hanging out on Facebook, you’re not having quality face-to-face time. That is not supported† (Jayson, 2009). Also, in a study conducted by Robert Kraut, a professor of human computer interaction at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, in the journal Information, Communication Society showed that for those who communicated online with someone they knew, experienced a reduction in depression (as cited in Jayson, 2009). Furthermore, Barry Wellman who is a sociologist at the University of Toronto stated, â€Å"The mythology we have is that people used to spend whole days hanging around community – like the bar at Cheers. They didn’t. They stayed home. If we switch from television to social networking sites, it’s a switch toward sociability-not away from it† (Jayson, 2009). Some oppose facebook because they bel ieve it is a superficial means of communication. Others oppose it due to the cyber bullying and cyber stalking stories they hear in the news. Others fear it due to a feeling that it leads to an invasion of privacy or identity theft. SomeShow MoreRelatedSocial Networking: Is it Good for our Society?700 Words   |  3 PagesSocial Networking: Is it Good for our Society? In July 2012, Americans spent a total of 121.1 billion minutes on social networking sites (procon.org). Social networking has become a big part of people’s lives today. According to a December 2012 Nielson â€Å"Social Media Report†, 20% of time spent on a home computer is on social media while 30% of mobile Internet time is spent on social networking sites (procon.org). Sixdegrees.com, which ran from 1997-2001, was the first ever social networking site.Read MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good for a Society?1846 Words   |  7 PagesSocial networking sites can be deemed this century’s phenomenon. These websites have, throughout the years, grown from having at least 10,000 members logging on daily, to 1,000,000 active users daily. According to Danah M. Boyd and Nicole B. Ellison, social networking sites are â€Å"web-based services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connectionsRead MoreEssay on Social Networking: The Good Choice for Society536 Words   |  3 PagesSocial Networking is the use of websites such as Facebook, MySpace,Twitter,LinkedIn, and classmates.com to communicate with other users (Hampton). On social media like these,users are able to develop biographical profiles as well as communicating,researching, and also sharing photos, links, videos,music, and more. Advocates of social networking sites conclude that online communities promote increased interaction with friends and family and also offer teachers, librarians, and students beneficialRead MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society?3384 Words   |  14 PagesAre Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society? Are social networking sites good for our society? Nowadays it seems as though social networks are what make our society. It s the 21st century and the world is modernizing more and more everyday. Technology is becoming more advanced and researchers are debating on whether or not we should which to e-books instead of the good old textbooks. Social networks are the second top news source for Americans, right behind newspapers. It s been proven thatRead MoreSocial Networking Sites Are Good Or Bad For Society2449 Words   |  10 PagesSocial media is a term that does not need to be defined, everyone knows what social media is. Even people in the most distant of places have heard, or even use, social networking sites. People today use social networking sites on a regular basis. Today’s society uses sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram as a way to stay in touch with current events, family members, and with their friends. According to the Pew Research Center, â€Å"seventy- six percent of [today’s society] uses social networkingRead MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society?1911 Words   |  8 PagesNahida Sultana Dr. Rachel C. Henderson ENG 1101 18 November 2015 Are Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society? We are living in the 21st century and technology began to change very promptly. After the Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960s, scientists and engineers started to develop the networks between those supercomputers, and later they discovered the internet, which is a global communication device where people all around the world can meet and talk about pretty much anything. The developmentRead MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesLiliana Katiana English I May 18, 2013 Are Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society? Many people in our society can relate. We wake up, check our phones. We go to school, check our phones. We go home, check our phones. And right before we go to bed, we check our phones. And for what? What are we constantly checking? Imagine logging out of social networking sites for one day. How would you feel? You would probably feel disconnected and want to log back on as soon as possible. This generationRead MoreSocial Networking Sites Are Good Or Bad For Our Society1500 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Aspect Online social networking sites have become increasingly popular over the past few years. The usage of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and LinkedIn has more than multiplied from 2005 to 2015. Having access to these social media sites allows the users to create profiles, share their interests, communicate with family, friends, and strangers, share thoughts, photos, videos, and much more. There is a huge question if these different social networking sites are good or bad for ourRead MoreEssay On Pros And Cons Of Social Media1090 Words   |  5 PagesThe Benefits of Social Media in Todays Society Just like everything else in life, social media has pros and cons. However, the pros outweigh the cons. Social networking assists businesses in various different ways. While also helping people communicate more with others and to become more connected with them too. A fast and effortless way to spread and receive crucial information is through social media. In the beginning, it was just kids spending their time on websites like Facebook, MyspaceRead MoreSocial Media As A Wasteful Resource Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pageson the screen can describe what social networking does and how it works. Over the past few decades, technology has advanced from the first computer to the countless smartphones, tablets, and laptops that people use today. These various electronics can be useful in research and communication, study and recreational activities. However, there are many who view social media as a wasteful resource that causes harm to individuals. Though many people view social networkin g as an unnecessary tool, it can

Groups in Organisations - Characteristics of a Successful Team Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The five OCEAN traits identified by contemporary psychologists include openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (Anissimov, 2011). Sarah and I were working as partners in the marketing department in the Sok-Fitness Center. Sarah was new in the field and lacked the required skills in the use of the scheduling software, but she did not want others to get an air of it so that her status on the job would not be challenged. Thus, she measured very low on the scale of openness to experience. By displaying this behaviour, Sarah also displayed a very low level of conscientiousness and extraversion as it was her duty to be truthful about her skills and not affect the work by hiding them, but she did not do it. Our manager of the team of the Sok-Fitness Center was a very agreeable manager. I can say this because of the moment he found out that Sarah lacked training in the use of the software, he arranged a training session based on a whole week f or her without letting her down. Sarah also displayed very little agreeableness and neuroticism. We will write a custom essay sample on Groups in Organisations - Characteristics of a Successful Team or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Advertising and Fashion Retailing Project Report Free Essays

It is no longer a question of identifying your customers by age, geography or income, but looking into how and why they buy, based on their DOD, beliefs and the occasion. So far as in marketing field consumer buying is mainly based on either knowledge or perceived needs. When we had different surveys at different universities and colleges and in different gatherings related to fashion we came to know about that consumer comes across many genuine problems while purchasing different products and services(especially related to fashion products). We will write a custom essay sample on Advertising and Fashion Retailing Project Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is important for a good marketing manager to have a sharp eye over these problems irrespective to the locality of retailing of your product. These can be classified as * Problem/Need Recognition * Information search Evaluation of different purchase options. * Purchase decision More over there are many other factors which have a great influence on buying habits of a customer. These are some common factors which ought to be in mind of those who want to enter in any pre-teen market. Next was to listen to the habits of those where we want to place our product. Near FIFO mark, we felt the smell of both the middle class and elite class. Also it is great opportunity to enter into a market where your regular customers come to buy product forebear by shops. So you need to make your market from scratch because some of the marketing home is already done by your competitors. It’s a common belief that nomenclature’s INFLUENCES his/her behavior the most. Obviously this culture helps them developing these opinions, attitudes and beliefs. These factors will influence their purchase behavior. However other factors like groups of friends, or people they look up to may influence their choices of purchasing a particular product or service. Marketing and advertising obviously influence consumers in trying to evoke them to purchase a particular product or service. People’s social status will also impact their behavior. What is their role within society? Are they Actors? Doctors? Office worker? And mothers and fathers. The lifestyle of someone who earns 250000Rs would clearly be different from someone who earns 2500 RSI. Also celebrities have an influence on buying decision. So for the reason we have also requested SOFIA EMIR and NAOMI ANSI to come at our exhibition as a chief guest. Whether the person is extrovert (out going and spends on entertainment) or introvert (keeps to themselves and purchases via online or mail order) again has an impact on the types of purchases made. I would love to code here a theory of â€Å"ABRAHAM MASON’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS†. He suggests individuals aim to meet basic psychological needs of hunger and thirst. When this has been met they then move up to the next stage of the hierarchy. Hence, we have to reach to the level to Pakistani society and culture. So Mason’s concept is useful for marketers as it can help them understand and develop consumer needs and wants. We are not unaware of the fact as this directly point out the economic condition of PAKISTAN. We tried to not to make our products and services in access major for middle class. This is one of our marketing strategy as well as social responsibility. FASHION FORECASTING Fashion forecasting is a crucial and complex marketing strategy which requires a complete hold on marketing research. Fashion forecasting is the prediction of mood, behavior and buying habits of the consumer. ALLURE will be the future efficient indicator to forecast the direction in which fashion will move. Fashion forecasting will be our solid link to create a good market. We will look for prophetic as well as profitable styles and ideas that capture the mood of the times and signal a new fashion trend. We are well aware of the fact that if we need aloud on to fashion role s a pioneer and want to enhance its brand image, fashion has to continue to innovate. The task of fashion fore casting will be accomplished by the managers (owner of boutique) as we are done with our complete study on fashion marketing. Forecasting of fashion is an initial step which is then understood, practiced and then applied. Forecasting the future demand for particular styles, fabrics and colors is an important aspect of the fashion industry. It’s a common routine of textiles specialists that they work for two year ahead to determine general guidelines for each fashion season. This is because of when once some fashion is forecasted then it takes about 1-2 year of regular hard work to take the fashion from our mind to the practical market. Forecasting of fashion can be divided into two categories: * Short term fashion forecasting * Long term fashion forecasting For us as we are going to setup a preteen market we decided to work on short term forecasting. At a introduction stage of our boutique hireling so much labor and services for the purpose of forecasting of fashion won’t be a great idea. As discussed earlier this Job will be done by us (owners). Later on we will subscribe to one or more arrives, whose Job will be to scan the market and report on the developments in color, textiles and style directions. Major trends in lifestyles, attitude and culture in particular music, sport, cinema and television are used to predict changing consumer demand. This process involves the following activities such as studying market conditions, noting the life style of the people, researching sales statistics, evaluating popular designer collections, surveying fashion publications, observing street fashions etc French companies based in Paris have traditionally dominated fashion forecasting. The point arises that why are we lacking behind and how are they leading us. Forecasting is more than Just attending runway shows and picking out potential trends that can be knocked off at lower prices (although that is part of it) but this is a wrong practice which is being followed by our so called fashion National designers. Instead they need to understand that it is a process that spans shifts in color and styles, changes in lifestyles and buying patterns. The keywords behind the successful fashion forecasting is good consumer research, color forecasting, textile development, range of shows (operating over the 16 months preceding counterbalancing Innovation, Cultural Indicators etc. Keeping a fact in the mind we have made a unique collection of . After the forecasting based on practical figures we hope that the collection we are going to present on exhibition will be a complete innovative collection among all boutiques. When we started our research on colors and upcoming styles it looked a little difficult but as soon as we got into it completely, things became clearer. Making decisions about expected favorable colors of next summer was crucial task. Different experimental shows, runways and large or small exhibitions we managed to do help us a lot in this matter. We came to know about the taste of people of segmented market and their positive and negative response about different outfit’s colors and embellishments and all. By the grace of God most of the times people respond with great appreciation and thus we got our stray to achieve our goal. INCOME LEVEL Frequent losses are expected in the first few years of any operations due to initial investments and expenditures but once we are stabilized, this boutique will become a good source of income for us. Entry Barriers I . Large Indian and multinational companies hold around 65% of the market. How to cite Advertising and Fashion Retailing Project Report, Essays

Meaning Of The Quote Metaphors Associated â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Meaning Of The Quote Metaphors Associated? Answer: Introducation Kallifatides (2014) stated that the term managerial ideology refers to the beliefs and values of both the managers along with their workplace attitude and practices. Reinhard Bendix believed that industrial organizations and industrial relations should be the focus aspect of a stakeholder of an organization. The prime reason is that the employees should be motivated to work for enhanced productivity, which on the other hand affects the lives of large number of people (Stufflebeam and Shinkfield 2012). Thus, it is the liability of the institutional authority to adapt effective business attitude. Prior to the implementation of the factory system all the products of an organization or factory are designed or made by skilled and professionals. It needs time and not much product are distributed in the locals. However, institutional authority emphasized on division of labor practice, in which more workers were included, who are not skilled compared to the professionals (Liu and Li 2014). H owever, by positive business behavior, those employees are motivated and trained to accomplish the business function. In this way, huge amount of final products are distributed among the community. The metaphor that is used by Reinhard Bendix is knife-edge of the present and Chicago School. The metaphor Chicago School illustrates the behavior of the organizations managers to align the money supply and demand for money (Stufflebeam and Shinkfield 2012). This concept focuses on reducing regulations on business and follows own business believes and policies. Metaphor knife-edge of the present represents the meaning that business should be place between the perceived past and the future of the business but without including the concept of time (Kallifatides 2014). Obstacles to making the best decisions Piven (2013) portrays that it is expected that a rational-bureaucratic organizations obtained their goals effectively. The reason described by Caldwell (2012) is that in such organization the labor and authority is clearly divided along with their job roles and responsibility. In this formal structure of organization, employees are selected based on effectual qualifications, they are assigned with specific roles and designation and lastly the decision taken by company are based on survey for relevant information. Some of the obstacle in taking best decision making are internal conflict among the decision makers due to different business perspective (Hodson et al. 2013). Wilensky (2015) highlighted another obstacle that is in business some decision are often made in a split second and in such case, ethical business procedure are often overlooked by managing personnel. Some organizations have to face more problem than others due to others. Hodson et al. (2013) stated that organization, who are not able to establish effective communication, face challenges of internal rivalries that affects the organizational profitability. Piven (2013) stated that organizational structure can be underlying cause of workplace issues as multiple authorities may suggest different decision that can be confusing for employee to follow. Thus, regular meetings should be conducted so that all the ideas can be discussed and only the optimized yet effective decision should be taken into consideration. Managers also have to overcome the problem of conflicts among the employees, communication and knowledge sharing between them and allocating job roles and responsibilities based on the skills the candidate possess. Another challenge that these managers have to addresses is train their employees well so that they can accomplish their desires job roles (Weber and King 2014). Occurrence and significance of the term common moral purpose in an organization The theory proposed by Chester Barnard emphasized on psychological theory of motivation and behavior, complex interdependencies, sociological theory of cooperation and meritocracy ideology. Barnard suggests the theory of complex social system, systems approach and importance of the individual. Novicevic et al. (2013) stated that Barnards believes are valuable and often denotes the exact scenario of the organization. According to Chester Barnard, the managing authorities are liable for motivating the employees and handed over some job roles that align with their line of interests (Lopdrup-Hjorth 2015). This process is effective as every individual is motivated differently and managers should identify their preferences so that they can obtain the work from them. Moreover, according to Barnards belief, communication should be emphasized and innovative ideas should always be welcome. Mahoney and Godfrey (2014) furthermore stated that all the achievements and failures should be encouraged so that employees can continuously work for the betterment of the organization and suggest new ideas so that the organization can prosper. (Durant 2014) moreover depict that Barnard also emphasized on two conditions- effectiveness and efficiency. These two conditions are a part of cooperative system and there are some personnel, who are considered as contributors. These contributors are- investors, employees, suppliers, distributors, managers and customers (Novicevic et al. 2013). Managing the collaboration among these stakeholders so that business profitability can be attained is necessary. Mahoney and Godfrey (2014) thus stated that it represents the real scenario of the business as an organization can only gain advantage, if business objectives of all the stakeholders are properly aligned. Elaboration of the statement the transformation of organizational forms has given rise to a variety of paradoxical demands In modern era, organization has to take such decision that is for the organizational benefit but on the other hand raises an adverse situation in the business. Powell and DiMaggio (2012) stated that business formulates new things in order to fulfill the needs of the customers and make their living standard high. On the other hand, if these customers decide to save for their better future and purchase less from outside, business cannot attain profit. In such case, the business adapts necessary promotional activities so that the customers can attract towards their product. The paradox in this case is that the company do not like that their customers are saving money. Another situation is highlighted by Ramirez (2012), where leaders ask their employees to work with comfort; however, in reality all the employees are judged based on their productivity and ability to meet target irrespective of the fact whether their work has some quality issues. Smith et al. (2012) stated that in both the cases two aspects are necessary and need to be fulfilled that is in first case, the better life of the customers and profitability of the organization and in second case, considering employees as important asset and fulfilling the target of the organization. Thus, it can stated that both the aspect is required in terms of satisfying individual needs but problem may arise if both aspects peacefully co-exist. In such case, managers are liable to take effective steps so that the adversity can be overcome. Taken for instance, in second case, leaders may provide additional benefits to their employees so that they can achieve their targets and also gain something for their effort through rewards Reference List Caldwell, R., 2012. Leadership and learning: A critical reexamination of Senges learning organization. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 25(1), pp.39-55. Durant, R.F., 2014. Revitalizing a Sense of Common Purpose. In Why Public Service Matters (pp. 197-215). Palgrave Macmillan US. Foundations of Management, La Trobe University (2016), McGraw Hill 9781308739632 Hodson, R., Roscigno, V.J., Martin, A. and Lopez, S.H., 2013. The ascension of Kafkaesque bureaucracy in private sector organizations. Human Relations, 66(9), pp.1249-1273. Kallifatides, M., 2014. 3 Reinhard Bendix. On the Shoulders of Giants, p.47. Liu, M. and Li, C., 2014. Environment pressures, managerial industrial relations ideologies and unionization in Chinese enterprises. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 52(1), pp.82-111. Lopdrup-Hjorth, T., 2015. Object and objective lost? Organization-phobia in organization theory. Journal of Cultural Economy, 8(4), pp.439-461. Novicevic, M., Zikic, J., Martin, J., H. Humphreys, J. and Roberts, F., 2013. Responsible executive leadership: A moral-identity analysis based on Barnard's conceptualization. Journal of Management History, 19(4), pp.474-491. Mahoney, J.T. and Godfrey, P., 2014. 'The Functions of the Executive'at 75: An Invitation to Reconsider a Timeless Classic (No. 14-0100). Piven, F.F., 2013. On the organizational question. The Sociological Quarterly, 54(2), pp.191-193. Powell, W.W. and DiMaggio, P.J. eds., 2012. The new institutionalism in organizational analysis. University of Chicago Press. Ramirez, G.A., 2012. Sustainable development: paradoxes, misunderstandings and learning organizations. The Learning Organization, 19(1), pp.58-76. Smith, W.K., Besharov, M.L., Wessels, A.K. and Chertok, M., 2012. A paradoxical leadership model for social entrepreneurs: Challenges, leadership skills, and pedagogical tools for managing social and commercial demands. Academy of Management Learning Education, 11(3), pp.463-478. Stufflebeam, D.L. and Shinkfield, A.J., 2012. Systematic evaluation: A self-instructional guide to theory and practice (Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. Weber, K. and King, B., 2014. Social movement theory and organization studies. The Oxford book of sociology, social theory, and organization studies: Contemporary currents, Oxford University Press. doi, 10, p.1093. Wilensky, H.L., 2015. Organizational intelligence: Knowledge and policy in government and industry (Vol. 19). Quid Pro Books.